This article focuses on the economics of butter advertising undertaken by the Dairy Bureau of Canada (DBG). The objectives were to determine the profitability of the generic advertising program (from an industry perspective) and to determine the optimal level of spending. Results, based on...

This article evaluates the relative merits of advertising expenditures and gross rating points (GRPs) as alternative measures of advertising exposure. Theoretically, GRPs and appropriately deflated advertising expenditures should provide identical representations of exposure. This hypothesis was...

Graphical analysis is used to demonstrate the effects of an advertising excise tax on price, output, and welfare. Results indicate the costs of advertising check-off programs in general are not borne entirely by producers but rather are passed on in part to consumers in the form of higher retail...

This paper examines the impact of a change in the advertising tax on prices, output, and welfare. Results show that a supply shift alone (i.e., advertising is ineffective and hence there is no demand shift) will result in higher retail prices, lower farm output, higher retail-farm price ratios,...

The Philippine duck industry is dominated by balut (partially hatched embryos) production and by smallholder production that accounted for more than 75 percent of the total duck production. However, the commercial sector is gaining momentum in moving towards a higher degree of vertical...

Based on cointegration analysis and monthly data from 1976.8 to 1999.10, a long-run equilibrium relationship was found to exist between prices for wools of 19 to 23 microns, despite the wool Reserve Price Scheme operated until February 1991. Furthermore, the prices for 19, 20 and 21 micron wools...