Using the ARFIMA-FIGARCH model, this paper studies the efficiency of the Japanese equity market by examining the statistical properties of the return and volatility of the Nikkei 225. It shows that both follow a long range dependence, which stands against the efficient market hypothesis (EMH)....

With increasing market competition, organizations are striving for greater innovation in products and services. Quality management has the potential to invigorate an organization's product, process and administrative innovation when strategically aligned with internal contingencies. This paper...