We introduce tests for finite-sample linear regressions with heteroskedastic errors. The tests are exact, i.e., they have guaranteed type I error probabilities when bounds are known on the range of the dependent variable, without any assumptions about the noise structure. We provide upper bounds...

We develop a general class of nonparametric tests for treatment effects conditional on covariates. We consider a wide spectrum of null and alternative hypotheses regarding conditional treatment effects, including (i) the null hypothesis of the conditional stochastic dominance between treatment...

One of the approaches to compare forecasts is to test whether the loss from a benchmark prediction is smaller than the others. The test can be embedded into the general problem of testing functional inequalities using a one-sided Kolmogorov-Smirnov functional. This paper shows that such a test...

We propose a quantification of the p-p plot that assigns equal weight to all distances between the respective distributions: the surface between the p-p plot and the diagonal. This surface is labelled the Harmonic Weighted Mass (HWM) index. We introduce the diagonal-deviation (d-d) plot that...

Small sample properties are of fundamental interest when only limited data is available. Exact inference is limited by constraints imposed by specific nonrandomized tests and of course also by lack of more data. These effects can be separated as we propose to evaluate a test by comparing its...

When Barret and Donald (2003) in Econometrica proposed a consistent test of stochastic dominance, they were silent about the asymptotic unbiasedness of their tests against (square root) n-converging Pitman local alternatives. This paper shows that when we focus on first-order stochastic...

The present paper introduces new sign tests for testing equality of conditional distributions of two (arbitrary) adapted processes as well as for testing conditionally symmetric martingale-difference assumptions. Our analysis is based on results that demonstrate randomization over ties in sign...

We introduce generalized Probability-Probability (P-P) plots in order to study the one-sample goodness-of-fit problem and the two-sample problem, for real valued data. These plots, that are constructed by indexing with the class of closed intervals, globally preserve the properties of classical...

Consider n i.i.d. random vectors on R2, with unknown, common distribution function F. Under a sharpening of the extreme value condition on F, we derive a weighted approximation of the corresponding tail copula process. Then we construct a test to check whether the extreme value condition holds...

A common stochastic restriction in econometric models separable in the latent variables is the assumption of stochastic independence between the unobserved and observed exogenous variables. Both simple and composite tests of this assumption are derived from properties of independence empirical...