As China is dependent on oil and gas imports to maintain its high growth rates, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and Central Asia have become increasingly important for the country's economic development. In May 2014, China and Russia signed a new gas deal, for example, and in recent...

After the fall of state socialism about two decades ago, democracy and market economies were assumed to diffuse worldwide. However, the American financial crisis of 2008, leading to a worldwide economic crisis caused increasing criticism of capitalism. As laissez-faire capitalism, Keynesianism...

After fife month the special economic zone Kaesong Industrial Complex (KIC) in North Korea was reopened again on 16 September 2013. By this way, it is the last remaining centrepiece of North-South economic cooperation on the Korean peninsula. Established during the period of "Sunshine policy"...

In contrast to Germany South Korea has for years been continuously preparing for national reunification. As a result, alongside the Ministry of Unification a number of think tanks, research institutes, and other organizations have also been established in South Korea. After years of the...

The Baltic States, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, are very successful in transformation. From 1991 to 2015 they regained independence and transformed their economies from socialist central planning into functioning mar-ket economies, joined the EU in 2004 and became member of the Euro zone....

Armenia has already signed some agreements with China to participate in the BRI project while no concrete measures are financed by the initiative. But what are the economic advantages and disadvantages of the BRI? While funding of some for Western financiers unattractive projects by China is a...

Die Soziale Marktwirtschaft in Deutschland als besonderer Typ der Koordinierten Markwirtschaften hat derzeit zusammen mit der Freien Marktwirtschaft einen neuen Konkurrenten im internationalen Systemwettbewerb erhalten: den Chinesischen Staatskapitalismus. Dies ist eine neue Herausforderung für...

It seems that the "globalization" has failed. Instead, a rising number of people in the Western world prefer old nationalist and protectionist policies. One reason may be the challenge by structural change. Main goal of this paper is to find out if any structural change and any spread of income...