We analyze the factors that influence the decision to secure a commercial loan. We find evidence that variables reflecting adverse selection, moral hazard, and the prospects for default all affect the likelihood a loan will be collateralized. We find no evidence in favor of the predictions of...

This paper investigates the information content of registered insider sales in the Seasoned Equity Offering (SEO) process from 1997-2009. We find that initial market reactions and long-run post-issue stock performance are negatively related to C-level executive insider sales, but unrelated to...

On average, ETFs have lower annual expense ratios than open-end mutual funds due to a few functional differences. Both have fixed and variable costs which are incorporated in the expense ratio, and the assumption is that all costs are borne by the investor. We apply previous models for open-end...

Building on past research regarding the operating efficiency of Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) and recognizing the substantial changes in this industry since the turn of the millennium, we examine REIT efficiency over the period 2001–2015. Using both time-varying stochastic frontier and...

We examine primary and secondary market returns for REIT initial public offerings (IPOs). Consistent with theories regarding compensation for information production during the roadshow, we find offer-to-open returns are directly related to partial adjustment and are significantly lower for REITs...

This research uses the maturity of incremental bond issues and the weighted-average maturity of all outstanding debt and tests various theories from the corporate debt maturity literature to discover if real estate investment trust (REIT) debt maturity is influenced by liquidity risk, asymmetric...

Recent studies suggest that analyst ratings have become less biased following the Global Settlement and National Association of Securities Dealers (NASD) and New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) Rules implemented in 2002. Assuming analyst ratings are more reliable due to the decline in positive bias,...