of assessing the impact of education quality, the teacher contribution to pupils' achievement and the effect of school …

School enrollment has universally increased over the past 25 years in low-income countries. However, enrolling in … school does not guarantee that children learn. A large share of children in low-income countries learn little, and they …

become part and parcel of the American public school system and the primary mechanisms by which teachers' voices are heard … - and heeded - in the policy arena. Teacher unions have grown in tandem with and in response to the expansion of the school …, the complex spaces they operate in, and the connections between militancy, activism, and school reform. Breaking free from …