<title>Abstract</title> This paper examines the relationship between consumer confidence, economic growth and retail sales for selected countries employing frequency domain analysis. Our methodology includes the causality test developed by Breitung and Candelon (2006) which improves the methodology of Geweke...

Studying the development of credit institutions in the economy is relevant as there is a strong relationship between the activity of the financial institutions and the economic growth as well as the economic stability. The changes in the European financial services sector are related to the...

Studying the development of credit institutions in the economy is relevant as there is a strong relationship between the activity of the financial institutions and the economic growth as well as the economic stability. The changes in the European financial services sector are related to the...

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to provide more reliable estimates of the relationship between government spending and economic growth in the European Union (EU) during the period of 1995-2015. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology consisted of several different stages. In the...