This article derives generalized method of moment-based Wald tests for conditional convergence in terms of the second and third central moments (conditional "σ"- and "ζ"-convergence). Monte Carlo simulations indicate that the proposed tests are properly sized and equipped with enough power for...

Abstract This paper discusses the maximum likelihood estimator of a general unbalanced spatial random effects model with normal disturbances, assuming that some observations are missing at random. Monte Carlo simulations show that the maximum likelihood estimator for unbalanced panels performs...

This study examines performance gaps among foreign-owned and domestically-owned Austrian firms. In line with earlier findings our results suggest that the positive effects of participating in a foreign multinational's network can mainly be found in productivity and profitability. A further...

For short and fat panels the Mundlak model can be viewed as an approximation of a general dynamic autoregressive distributed lag model. We give an exact interpretation of short run and long effects and provide simulations to assess the quality of the approximation of the long run and short run...