the extent and impact of patent holdup and holdout in the ICT sector, and then about how to eliminate or reduce these … made great efforts to solve the issue of patent holdup and holdout, there is still an ongoing struggle among divergent … stakeholders. Patent holdup and holdout directly impacts the innovation and dissemination of patented technology, the harmonization …

, Eric C. Matolo -- Chapter 5. SSPPU: FRAND as Trust by Nicolas Petit -- Chapter 6. FRAND Commitments in Patent Portfolio … standard essential patent (SEP) holders. It also discusses the role of standards setting organizations / standards developing …

construct a novel dataset of companies that have declared at least one patent as essential for an IEEE standard (the treatment … not declared a patent as essential to IEEE (the control group). Using a difference-in-differences approach, I provide … the change. My results show that more restrictive patent policies at the SDO level decrease the innovation effort of firms …