This paper argues that an income contingent loan (ICL) should be considered for tertiary student living costs as a supplement to existing income support policy in Australia. It is shown that income support remains insufficient despite recent improvements to policy, and that as little as $1,500...

The implications of earnings model complexity to costing income contingent loans (ICL) are investigated. Models of hourly wage are developed using the first seven waves of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey, starting with a simple mean fit. The residuals are...

HECS is an income contingent loan designed to collect tuition from Australian university students. The debt is collected on the basis of recorded incomes and as a consequence, debtors living overseas will not repay. Using various data sources and assumptions, multiple scenarios are considered in...

This paper studies the importance of dynamic earnings modeling for the design of income contingent student loans (ICLs). ICLs have been shown to be theoretically optimal in terms of efficiency in the presence of risk aversion, adverse selection and moral hazard, and have attractive equity...

Sub-Saharan Africa has seen steep increases in life expectancy over the past few decades, but there is sparse research into mortality modelling and forecasting for this region. Kenya's life expectancy, for example, has been increasing at a rate of 0.88 per year over the last two decades. We...