Background: Industry 4.0 signifies a profound global transformation in production and service activities through its novel organizational principles, including digital connectivity, information transparency, technical assistance, and decentralized decision making. This transformation poses...

The very uneven development of electronic trade (BtoC) arouses a lot of questions, and more particularly in the agro food sector. From a training course for agro food firms on marketing via Internet , realised within the European program Interreg3b AgroIntec , we try to understand why this new...

The advance of IT is a powerful force of economic developments. The developing countries perceive IT as an opening to achieve access to knowledge and services. The internet is one of the IT parts that bring value added for organizations as well as for whole economy. Even though internet was...

This report examines how IT was incorporated into cargo clearance procedures in Korea, and what its implications are for traders, SMEs in particular. After a short introduction in Section I, Section II examines the definition of SMEs in Korea, and SMEs’ role in Korean trade. In Section III, we...

Innovation has long been considered an important factor for creating and maintaining the competitiveness of nations and firms. Common knowledge stands that innovation is the cause of the increase of exports. However, contradicting empirical evidences are reported in the literature on the...

In this document, we study the industrial district of Jepara, Indonesia. It is specialised in furniture production, for the Indonesian consumption, as well as for worldwide exports. We summarize the main features of the dynamics of the firms involved in the Jepara industrial complex with a...