Liquidity suppliers lean against the wind. We analyze whether high-frequency traders (HFTs) lean against large institutional orders that execute through a series of child orders. The alternative is HFTs trading "with the wind," that is, in the same direction. We find that HFTs initially lean...

Market fragmentation : monitoring and history -- Smart order routing -- Tick size; -- Information seeking and price discovery -- Dark pools and broker crossing networks -- Liquidity : the viewpoint of trading venues -- The agenda of high frequency traders -- The link between fragmentation and...