The spatial structure of transport networks is subject to increasing returns in transportation, distance, and density economies. Transport costs between locations are thus, in general, endogenous, and are determined by the interaction between the spatial distribution of transport demand and...

The standard approach to studying industrial agglomeration is to construct summary measures of the degree of agglomerationʺ within each industry and to test for significant agglomeration with respect to some appropriate reference measures. But such summary measures often fail to distinguish...