As the collection of consumer data becomes more common, online merchants are better equipped to price discriminate now more than ever before. While the standard use of first-degree price discrimination benefits merchants and harms consumers relative to uniform pricing, I derive an alternative...

According to European directives the German state deregulated several sectors which had been protected monopolies for a long time. A regulatory authority was established for the telecommunication sector with the competence to decide about the access conditions to the bottleneck "local loop". If...