Honduras remains one of the poorest and most unequal countries in the Western Hemisphere. Structural exposure to external shocks and natural hazards go hand in hand with high levels of crime, political instability, and a weak institutional and business environment. These problems have undermined...

Cette note fourni une vue d'ensemble des analyses de la revue des dépenses publiques (RDP) pour ledéveloppement humain (DH) de la RCA. Cette revue se veut offrir aux décideurs et parties prenantes une baseanalytique pour la formulation d'interventions à la fois ambitieuses et financièrement...

The World Bank is supporting Can Tho City (CCT) of Vietnam to conduct an analysis of its current public financial management (PFM) arrangements and national legal framework in comparison to good international practices. The main objective of this activity is to inform the design and...

To face a debt crisis, countries often implement variousforms of fiscal consolidation policies aiming at addressingfiscal imbalances. This paper investigates how debt andfiscal consolidation could influence government expenditureon education. It shows that increased external debt isassociated...

The European Commission's "NextGenerationEU” COVID-19 recovery package has underscored interest in the size of regional fiscal multipliers in Europe. While the objective of these funds is the long-term transformation toward more sustainable green growth and digitalization in EU economies,...

Mauritius's economy has grown dramatically since the country's independence in 1968, and its rapid development offers a powerful example for developing economies worldwide. However, growth dynamism has waned in recent years. In addition, Mauritius was hard-hit by the COVID-19 pandemic and...

Comoros has potential for economic growth in various sectors, such as agriculture and tourism, but growth has been relatively modest. The Comorian national markets are highly fragmented because of poor transport connectivity between and within the islands. There is substantial need for road...

This second public expenditure review (PER) examines the effectiveness of government spending in Uzbekistan, with a particular focus on education, health, social protection, and water resources management. Fiscal policy and transparency reforms implemented recently in Uzbekistan have supported...

This work builds on the Public Expenditure Review (PER) analysis of the pension system conducted in 2016 but also brings important innovations. It updates the financial analysis conducted then and offers new policy recommendations, with the key objective of improving the affordability of the...

Kosovo has gained a creditable reputation for prudent macro-fiscal management; yet necessary structural reforms and related fiscal pressures lie ahead. The country's track record includes consistently high output growth rates, prudent fiscal deficits supported by fiscal rules, and one of the...