portfolio, one for market risk and one for credit risk. Similar approaches are common in banks’ internal models for economic … capital. Although it is known that joint market and credit risk of certain investments can be larger than the sum of risks … holdings or CDS portfolios – are also affected. There are realistic conditions under which credit risk (represented by ratings …

Choosing a proper external risk measure is of great regulatory importance, as exemplified in the Basel II and Basel III … Accord which use Value-at-Risk (VaR) with scenario analysis as the risk measures for setting capital requirements. We argue a … good external risk measure should be robust with respect to model misspecification and small changes in the data. A new …

set-valued coherent and convex risk measures. We compare these rules with some of those mostly used for univariate (single …-valued) risk measures …