Mortgage companies (MCs) do not fall under the strict regulatory regime of depository institutions. We empirically show … that this gap resulted in regulatory arbitrage and allowed bank holding companies (BHCs) to circumvent consumer compliance …

losses, which helps earnings. Finally, deregistration causes banks to double their troubled mortgage restructurings. These …

evidence that CFPB oversight significantly reduces the overall volume of mortgage lending. However, we find some evidence of …

Home appraisals are produced for millions of residential mortgage transactions each year, but appraised values are … institutional framework that governs mortgage lending lead to information loss in appraisals (that is, appraisals set equal to the … incidence of mortgage default at loan-to-value boundaries (notches) above which mortgage insurance rates increase. Appraisals …