One channel of business cycle shock transmission which gained attraction only recently is the confidence channel. The … aim of the paper is to find out whether the confidence channel is actually working between the US and Germany. This is … German producer confidence and the significance of asymmetric reactions is tested. The results show that there is a …

Consumer confidence indicators(CCI) serve as a veritable tool for providing useful information to policy makers …

This study examines the forecasting power of confidence indicators for the Russian economy. ARX models are fitted to … the six confidence or composite indicators, which were then compared to a simple benchmark AR-model. The study used the … output of the five main branches as the reference series. Empirical evidence suggests that confidence indicators do have …