Executive summary The European Union supports the efforts of the Western Balkan countries for reform and regional cooperation through its Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance. Good neighbourly relations and regional cooperation remain key factors for advancing reforms in the countries with a...

The conflict over Nagorno Karabakh, opposing Armenia and Azerbaijan, is the longest conflict in the OSCE area and a fundamental security threat to the South Caucasus and surrounding regions, preventing full and inclusive economic development and constraining regional relations. This chapter...

April this year saw a flare-up of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict when fighting resumed between Armenia and Azerbaijan. With the prospect of lasting settlement now more remote than ever, how do both sides see the situation on the ground? And what could be done to avoid further hostilities?