Austria's EU accession 25 years ago, alongside Finland and Sweden, was preceded by an extended period of convergence toward the EU: via the free trade agreement concluded with the EC in 1973, and the participation in the European Economic Area (EEA) in 1994. Although the COVID-19 crisis in 2020...

We provide an early assessment of the Juncker Commission's contributions to the ongoing reform of the euro area. In doing so, we present a chronological summary of the reform process up to 2014. At the time, the euro area architecture had undergone many changes. These were mainly focused on risk...

In a period of sluggish economic growth, the Brexit saga adds additional uncertainty to trade issues, concluding half a century of troubled EU-UK experience. In the post-Brexit era, the UK will be the third external EU_27 partner after the USA and China. Especially inbound trade (from the UK to...

Comparing the economic development and current situation of the internal markets of the U.S. and the EU, two things are noticeable. On the one hand, the EU is conducting massive regional policy programmes (notably the Structural Funds) to foster economic cohesion among the 27 nations belonging...

Euroscepticism and the rise of populist parties have often been linked to economic insecurity. This paper identifies regional employment changes as causal factors for forming attitudes towards the European Union and voting for eurosceptic parties in European Parliament elections. To do so, I...

This study examines whether the CEECs' financial market development can explain the EU FDI in the CEECs during 1994-2012. The higher bank credit flows had a positive effect on the FDI in 2005-2012. This can be attributed to the major banking sector reforms undertaken before the CEECs' EU...