This paper proposes an approach to estimate the impact of adverse climatic events on the profitability of small European banks (LSIs). By considering river ooding phenomena, we construct a unique database matching the information on location, frequency and severity of oods with the location and...

To better understand the impact of the energy transition on the environment, this study examines the impact of structural changes in energy (renewable), economy (industrialization), society (urbanization), and trade (trade openness) on environmental degradation in lower-middle-income,...

The paper analyzes the threshold effect of technology innovation on renewable energy in the G10 countries through the panel threshold method. The outcome shows that technology innovation has a low impact on renewable energy when technology innovation is below the threshold value. However,...