In this paper we introduce fixed-T unit root tests for panel data models with serially correlated and heteroscedastic disturbance terms. The tests are based on pooled least squares estimators for the autoregressive coefficient of the AR(1) panel model adjusted for their inconsistency. The...

This paper proposes similar unit root testing procedures for both homogenous and heterogeneous dynamic panel data models, based on least squares estimates and assuming that the time dimension of the panel data is fixed. It is shown that the limiting distribution of the tests id standard normal.

This paper proposes a similar unit root testing procedure for heterogeneous dynamic panel data, based on the score principle, assuming that the time dimension of the panel is fixed. It is shown that the limiting distribution of the test is standard normal. The similarity with regard to the...

Entrepreneurship is a local and dynamic phenomenon. We jointly investigate spatial spillovers and time persistence of regional new business formation. Using panel data from all 402 German counties for 1996-2011, we estimate dynamic spatial panel models of business creation in the high-tech and...

While much research has been done on the economic impacts of load-shedding in South Africa, fewer studies have focused on the effects of the rapidly rising electricity tariffs. The issue of tariff increases has now become even more critical, with technological developments making it easier and...