While recent studies mostly find that attending child care earlier improves the skills of children from low socio … age between December and January. This discontinuity arises as children typically start formal child care in the summer of … no evidence that starting child care earlier affects children's outcomes in the short- or medium-run. Our precise …

that subsidized children are more likely to receive intense exposure to low-quality child care …

generations on a child's cognitive development. Using data from China, we find that children living in multigenerational families … school children, but not for middle school children. However, children who live only with their parents and children who live … only with their grandparents (the left-behind children) do not show a significant difference in their cognitive performance …

formation of children. To this end, we exploit a nationwide reform that mandated Swedish municipalities to offer childcare … effects on the children's 6th grade test scores, but we find evidence of positive effects on test scores for sons of less than …

term, using data from the Millennium Cohort Study (UK). Compared with children looked after in a formal care centre …, children cared by grandparents (as well as parents) are better in naming objects, but worse in tests concerning basic concepts … is stronger for children in more advantaged households; on the other hand, the negative association is significant only …

societies. Adopting a double-generation perspective, we investigate the causal impact of this care mode on children's health …-specific effects, taking into account counterfactual care modes. Our results suggest null or negative effects on children's outcomes …: If children three years and older are in full-time daycare or school and, in addition, cared for by grandparents, they …

-year-olds. However, more than a third of children enrolled in preschool programs have insufficient attendance, with absenteeism higher in … schools in lower socioeconomic areas and among younger preschool children. This paper presents the results of a behavioral … impact of nudging parents on attendance and learning for school-age children; this is the first experiment looking at both …