. Patent protection has increased around the world as a consequence of the TRIPS Agreement, which specifies minimum levels of …We examine the relationship between patent protection for pharmaceuticals and investment in development of new drugs … intellectual property protection for members of the World Trade Organization. It is generally argued that patents are critical for …

. Patent protection has increased around the world as a consequence of the TRIPS Agreement, which specifies minimum levels of …We examine the relationship between patent protection for pharmaceuticals and investment in development of new drugs … intellectual property protection for members of the World Trade Organization. It is generally argued that patents are critical for …

extreme urgency" within the meaning of Article 31(b) of the TRIPS Agreement. Some legislations, such as European competition …

Under Articles 31 and 31bis of the TRIPS Agreement, WTO members may validly sanction the use of a patented invention … evaluates the three primary barriers to employing compulsory licenses for pharmaceuticals underscored by members during TRIPS …