This contribution analyses under what conditions expert input is most likely to be regarded by government representatives as useful and how government representatives use input provided by experts. It widens the analytical lens examining multilateral negotiations within the United Nations...

Compared to the disappointment of the 2009 climate summit in Copenhagen, the results of the recent Conferences of the Parties can be regarded as positive progress. This was made possible due to lesson drawing and learning among states. Recent evidence from the UNFCCC negotiations suggests that...

Nongovernmental actors influence negotiations with insider or outsider strategies. Academics are valued by government delegates for the neutrality and expertise they can provide as policy advisors to facilitate negotiations. This article examines the influence of academics on the United Nations...

Countries aiming to achieve ambitious international and national climate objectives need to integrate climate considerations into all sectoral policies. This contribution argues that since climate change is a diffuse and complex challenge, Climate Policy Integration cannot simply be modeled...

Advocacy nongovernmental organizations have the largest influence on the outcome of climate negotiations when they mobilize public pressure in collaboration with the media. Environmental NGOs can pursue insider strategies by joining government delegations as advisors or pursue outsider...