Stock markets across the globe have been the subject of merger discussions following pressure to cut costs and become more competitive. Cross-border mergers trigger a series of different issues to be analyzed. From a transactional point of view, some of these aspects include the synergies that a...

The Greek stock market started trading in 1876 as the Athens Stock Exchange (ASE). During the 1990s, reforms that modernised ASE took place. In 1991, the first electronic trading system (ASIS) was established, replacing the open outcry method. In addition the Central Securities Depository (CSD),...

The article discusses the limited number of cases where the use of algorithms was found to be a factor that contributed to collusion. We discuss the difficulties that competition agencies face in addressing such conducts, with particular focus where there is no direct communication between...

This paper aims to address the change in the legal standard of merger assessment due to the reform in the ECMR that occurred in 2004. As regards the substantive reforms, the substantive test was changed from the dominance test to the significant impediment to effective competition test. This...

The particularity of the business activities of companies in the digital sector and the lower turnover of the companies involved which on multiple occasions understates the market power derived from access to vast amounts of data, implies that jurisdiction on such cases is not straightforward....

Globalization, internationalization, integration, deregulation, as well as technological advances have provided the impetus for mergers of stock exchanges to facilitate cross-border listings and trading. Cross-border mergers trigger a series of different issues to be analyzed. The focus of our...

Buyer power may provide a countervailing force to enhanced seller power, and unless it leads to successive power, it may lead to lower prices in the downstream market. However, buyer power may also be socially detrimental when it is not in the presence of strong seller power. In that case it may...

This article will provide insights on the implications of merger legislation on corporate debt restructuring. Thus, apart from the analysis of competition legislation surrounding mergers, it also includes a brief analysis of the restructuring process during which the failing firm may be invoked...

This paper provides an illustration of the European Commission's application of the failing firm defence in its assessment of a merger involving a firm that is on the verge of failure. The paper will focus on a merger that was notified to the European Commission in 2010 but met with the...