We analyse the drivers of European Power Exchange (EPEX) retail electricity prices between 2012 and early 2022 using … effects are key in retail electricity markets. Out-of-sample prediction errors using machine learning are (slightly) lower … green the energy matrix on retail electricity prices are first order. CO2 permit prices strongly impact electricity prices …

In this paper, we examine the relationship between crude oil and natural gas prices. Using smooth transition regression … modelling approach, we find that both the long-run and short-run relationships between oil and gas prices are more aptly … did not decouple from crude oil prices in the sense that the long-run equilibrium relationship between the two prices did …