We forward the hypothesis and empirically establish that variations in the strength of family ties are rooted in culture. In particular, we show that individualism is associated with looser family ties. We exploit the associations between contemporary individualism and historical climatic and...

Individualism is associated with an emphasis on personal liberty and self-determination, values that reduce support for patriarchal values and increase gender equality. Here, we investigate whether individualism affects women’s economics rights, a key institutional determinant of the economic...

1. Introduction -- 2. Foreign Aid Conditionality and Economic Growth -- 3. Types of Aid -- 4. An Effectiveness, Efficiency, and Equity Approach to Examining Subnational Health -- 5. Evaluating Aid Agencies: Challenges, Comparisons, and Causes of Best Aid Practices -- 6. What Influences World...

Property rights are one of the most fundamental and highly robust institutions supporting economic performance. However, the channels through which property rights are achieved are not adequately identified. This paper is a first step toward unbundling the black box of property rights into a...