This paper studies the impact of permanent and transitory shocks to income on parental investments in children. We use … panel data on family income, and an index of investments in children in time and goods, from the Children of the National … partial insurance of parental investments against permanent income shocks, but the magnitude of the estimated responses is …

after the introduction of sulfa experienced increases in schooling, income, and the probability of employment, and … ; income ; disability ; mortality trends …