Food is one of the most basic rights of every one living on this earth to get food. Food insecurity has very serious consequences in term of undermining people’s health, productivity and even their very survival. Sufficient food policy should not distract us from the need to find ways to...

Given the importance of Consumer Price Index (CPI), there has been long debate on its measurement issues. It is the best and most well-known indicator of inflation, which is further used for evaluating the monetary and fiscal policy of a country. Other uses of CPI for indexation are social...

In this article, we have evaluated the performance of different forecasters and tested association between their performances for different pairs of variables. We have used three data sets of track records of professional U.S. economic forecasters participating in the Blue Chip consensus...

Many economic and financial time series show evidence of trending behavior or non stationarity in the mean. An important econometric goal is determining the most proper form of the trend in the data. The transformations of series depend on whether the series is trend stationary or difference...

This paper provides simulation evidence on Granger causality between two variables when they are jointly caused by a third variable. Four Data Generating Processes (DGPs) are considered for testing causality by Granger method and two DGPs for testing causality by Toda and Yamamoto (1995)...

We investigate the causal relationship between GDP and different types of energy consumption for the five South Asian Countries; Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and Nepal by using Error Correction Model and Toda and Yamamoto(1995) approach. For Pakistan evidence shows that there is...