<Para ID="Par1">Recently, the International Integrated Reporting Council has published an integrated reporting framework stimulating major further development in corporate reporting. In combination with a commonly recognized high-level status quo in matters of management commentary, the German two-tier system...</para>

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to understand whether Management Commentary (MC) can cover the information needs about underreported company intangibles in accounting traditionalist countries such as Germany and Italy. Furthermore, this work would like to contribute towards an...