Non-U.S. firms have two options to converge toward U.S. capital market and legal regulations - to cross-list in the U.S. or to agree to be acquired by a U.S. bidder. We show that companies that have lower growth opportunities, are more capital intensive, and seek bonding benefits through...

Non-U.S. firms can converge toward U.S. capital market and legal regulations by cross-listing in the U.S. or by being acquired by a U.S. bidder. We show companies that are smaller, have lower growth opportunities, are capital intensive, and benefit from bonding through compliance with U.S....

Both formal (legal) and informal (culture, language, religion) institutions determine the intensity of cross-border joint ventures between one US and one foreign partner. Using a sample of cross-border joint ventures from 105 countries, we investigate the impact of country legal, cultural and...