Das Papier zeigt zunächst mögliche Gründe und Ursachen für die Errichtung und die Bewahrung unabhängiger Institutionen in demokratischen Rechtsstaaten auf. Danach werden formelle und behavioralistische Kriterien benannt, anhand derer der Grad der Unabhängigkeit auf einem Kontinuum zwischen...

Based on diverse research methods, we trace and map industrial economics research in Denmark, Norway and Sweden in the periode of 1880 to 1908. After describing this research in terms of key contributors, we argue that industrial economics developed rather unevenly in the Scandinavian countries....

All are agreed that orthodox economics is unsatisfactory but there is wide disagreement, especially among heterodox critics, whether the problems lie at the level of substantive theory or at the level of methodology. This paper gives first an overview of the methodological questions at issue....

This paper was presented as the Henry Hazlitt Memorial Lecture at the Austrian Economics Research Conference, Ludwig von Mises Institute Auburn, Alabama. In this lecture, I look at a debate in the 1960s between Frank H. Knight, the subject of my new book (2016) in Palgrave Macmillan's Great...

Arabic Abstract: تعتبر القيمة الاقتصادية من بين المفاهيم التي يرتكز عليها علم الاقتصاد، وقد عرف هذا المفهوم عدة تطورات منذ أن ظهور المدرستين "الميركانتيلية"...

Economists have had tremendous influence in designing antipoverty programs in both Great Britain and America over the last 200 years. However, today's economic experts have lost some respect for the wisdom of non-experts, or ordinary people, that was held in high regard by their intellectual...

Much of the criticism against marketing-as-usual can be charted along the lines of the distinction between wants and needs. That is to say, the critique is premised on a distinction between two types of business practices: some that cater to needs essentially pertaining to the nature of human...

In this essay, I review Sylvia Nasar's long awaited new history of economics, <em>Grand Pursuit: The Story of Economic Genius</em>. I describe how the book is an economic history of the period 1850-1950, with distinguished economists' stories inserted in appropriate places. Nasar's goal is to show how...

Spanish Abstract: Coartada para intervenciones militares, sacralización para la tiranía del mercado, fundamento ideológico para el fundamentalismo de lo políticamente correcto: ¿puede la “ficción simbólica” de los derechos humanos recuperarse para la politización progresiva de las...

Scholars routinely credit R.H Coase and his first seminal work — The Nature of the Firm — as the progenitor of the nexus-of-contracts theory of the corporation. This account, which has dominated legal scholarship for four decades, describes a corporation as a nexus of contracts between the...