Clauses protecting against uncompensated expropriation are common feature in investment protection treaties …. Expropriation of foreign property was never prohibited under public international law provided it met certain conditions. For a long … time the question of the amount of compensation due in case of an expropriation dominated the legal debate. Nowadays, the …

political power to expropriate productive assets. In a joint venture, the domestic asset owner bears the risk of expropriation … institutional framework in the host country, the elite influences the risk of expropriation. We determine the equilibrium risk of … expropriation in this framework and the resulting pattern of international production. We also analyze as to how globalization …

benefit of the citizens in Europe and the United States or a means to outplace national interests and democracy in favor of …