& development (RD) activities) effect of capital structure (CS), availability of cash (CA), competition from informal sector (CI …

This article analyses the competition between cash and payment cards against the backdrop of the dual role of central … banks - as issuers of cash and as institutions with a mandate to foster the efficiency of payment systems in general. It is …

cross-border cash movements. The Oesterreichische Nationalbank (OeNB) has carried out various surveys to analyze the … migration of cash in greater depth. This article presents the results of two surveys, which demonstrate that cash is very mobile … origin. Surveys on cash migration show that the volume of euro banknotes and coins in circulation in Austria, as well as the …

Five years of euro banknotes and coins also means five years of experience with crossborder cash logistics. A total of … cash involves numerous tasks for the national central banks (NCBs) of euro area countries. For example, NCBs must put … banknotes and coins into circulation, monitor cash in circulation and its quality, manage the cash cycle and ensure the public …