The article starts by examining the idea of conservation laws as applied to market economies. It formulates a measure of financial entropy and gives numerical simula-tions indicating that this tends to rise. We discuss an analogue for free energy released during this process. The concepts of...

We examine the paradigm shift from that of the transformation model to that of stochastic profit models. Some of the anomalies undermining the transformation model are given graphically. In the last two sections we present volume II of Capital as an alternative starting point for thinking about...