The success of economic transition for countries mainly requires economic and politic stability. However the conflict paradigm affects the nature of economic transition. In this process, innovations have changed product technologies which have been required by economic growth. Presently,...

National identity is the paradigm of each country. Globally we try to integrate various challenges in new trends that tend to show a higher or lower economic competitiveness. We, as individual mobilizing global economic engine, want to find the various models that recreate human welfare. But...

The complex and delicate character of the problem of banking performance, in the context of harsh competition and the emergence of multiple risks, impose on the banks the permanent evaluation of the behavior and the analysis of internal activity. In the context of the fast changes that take...

According to the standard view, when full competition prevails in product, labour, and capital markets, positive or negative exter- nal trade shocks may be accommodated by the migration of jobs be- tween sectors; the negative impact on some households income of lower nominal wages will be more...

This paper employs a weighted network approach to study the empirical properties of the web of trade relationships among world countries, and its evolution over time. We show that most countries are characterized by weak trade links; yet, there exists a group of countries featuring a large...

For nearly two decades, growth of international trade has been underpinned by the development of intermediate goods cross exchanges resulting from a new international division of labour. The share of trade in inputs, also called vertical trade, has dramatically increased. Simultaneously, there...