We provide maximum likelihood estimators of term structures of conditional probabilities of bankruptcy over relatively long time horizons, incorporating the dynamics of firm-specific and macroeconomic covariates. We find evidence in the U.S. industrial machinery and instruments sector, based on...

Banks and other lenders often transfer credit risk to liberate capital for further loan intermediation. This paper aims to explore the design, prevalence and effectiveness of credit risk transfer (CRT). The focus is on the costs and benefits for the efficiency and stability of the financial...

During the turmoil in financial markets in late 1998, financial institutions attempting to liquidate positions to meet capital requirements may have faced unexpectedly high bid-ask spreads. In this paper, we investigate the effect on key risk measures (such as the likelihood of insolvency, value...