We investigate how much value college enrollment adds to students’ critical thinking, problem-solving and communication skills, and the role college inputs play in developing these competencies, using data from a 2009 collegiate assessment pilot study in Colombia. Relative to observationally...

In July 2021, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2021) updated its guidance for COVID-19 Prevention in K-12 Schools. The updated guidance places a high priority on schools being fully open—with adequate safety protocols—for the 2021-22 school year. The priority on reopening...

This chapter reviews the extensive literature to date on CCTs for education. Section 2 provides background on the origins and expansion of CCTs globally, and describes basic design features and variation in characteristics across programs. Section 3 presents a theory of change and an economic...