Prior research has shown improvements in analysts' forecast accuracy around various events (e.g. new disclosure regulations or cross-listings), but these studies do not consider a change in the composition and ability of analysts providing forecasts over time. By studying foreign firms...

We investigate whether analysts' long-term growth (LTG) forecasts are a signal of analyst effort, which is reflected in the long-term profitability of their stock recommendations. We develop a one-year-ahead LTG forecast likelihood score and execute a trading strategy that generates average...