Resemblance in portfolio composition of sheltered and unsheltered equity funds held by open-end U.S. investment companies is consistent with their practice of identifying sheltered vs. unsheltered claims on the same portfolios instead of segregating portfolios based on shareholders' tax...

Considerable resources have been expended over the years debating the business tax treatment of market-purchased insurance versus self insurance. Following a long tradition, the U.S. Internal Revenue Service treats only the latter as acceptable evidence of risk shifting and therefore worthy of...

Traditional static models of corporations' interior optimum leverage rely on institutional mechanisms such as taxes, bankruptcy costs, and agency costs. Theories of leverage indifference in the presence of risky debt depend on various features of perfect and complete markets and on the...

Created under the power of the Banking Act of 1933, Regulation Q was designed to control the cost of bank borrowing by curbing competition for deposit liabilities, a factor thought to induce investment in high-yield risky assets. Although a number of studies in recent years have sought to assess...

The term structure of default-free interest rates is not directly observable in a market where government obligations of various maturities bear coupons at different rates, and where ordinary income and capital gains are subject to unknown and varying effective tax rates. Accurate knowledge of...

Roll [JFE 1977] demonstrates that the probability of early exercise of equity call options is low for small dividend payouts. Geske and Shastri [JBF 1985] show that unless dividends are small, put equity options would not be exercised early. Subsequently, Shastri and Tandon [JFM 1986] argue that...

This paper extends the results of Gadkari and Spindel (Solomon Brothers 1989), Hauser and Levy (JBE v.43, 1991), and Leibowitz, Bader, and Kogelman (JFI v.3, 1993) who show that hedging currency risk converts some or all of the foreign-held claims to synthetic domestic claims. Fixed-income asset...

This theoretical paper seeks to correct a common error about the effect of personal taxation on the expected pre-tax return earned on equity portfolios held by mutual funds in tax-sheltered retirement plans such as IRA and Keogh (401-k). Contrary to the prevailing view, the analysis reveals that...

The Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 (ERTA) was designed to stimulate capital investment through liberalization of depreciation allowances and investment tax credit for property acquired and placed in service after December 31, 1980. To offer equal incentives to companies that could not benefit...

This paper uses a model similar to the Boyle-Vorst and Ritchken-Kuo arbitrage-free models for the valuation of options with transaction costs to determine the maximum price to be charged by the financial intermediary writing an option in a non-auction market. Earlier models are extended by...