Tobacco excise has grown strongly over the last few years as significant increases in the excise rate have been only partly offset by declining rates of smoking. This paper examines historical trends in tobacco excise, focussing on the recent past including the impact of significant policy...

An approach is presented for analyzing debt-for-debt exchanges from the perspective of the exchange`s impact on the country`s contractual obligations and from the perspective of the creditors whose participation is sought. A general model is developed for valuing partially guaranteed debt...

We investigate the drivers of daily changes in the exchange value of the Chinese currency (CNY) since early 2016, when a new regime was introduced for setting the fix—the midpoint of the CNY's daily trading range against the U.S. dollar. Daily changes in the fix, which is announced just prior...

The corporate governance literature indicates efforts to investigate the relationship between internal CorporateGovernance Mechanisms (CGM) and Audit Quality (AQ). However, empirical findings prior to this study are inconclusive and not comprehensive enough to address all CGMs in terms of its...

We investigate the economically and statistically significant positive correlation between monthly foreign purchases of Mexican stocks and Mexican stock returns. We find that a 1 percent of market capitalization surprise foreign inflow is associated with a 13 percent increase in Mexican stock...

An introduction to medical leadership and engagement: a perspective on this text -- A historical perspective on medical leadership -- Doctors and managers : differing perspectives -- Roles and models of leadership -- Medical leadership competency approaches -- Why does it matter? medical...