We develop a model of spatial elections that departs from the standard model in three important respects. Our parties' information of voters' preferences is limited to polls; our parties can be either office-seeking of ideological; and our parties are not perfect optimizers, i.e. they are...

THis paper studies the relationship between voters' preferences and teh composition of party platforms in teh two-party democractice elections with adaptive parties. In the model, preferences determine an electoral landscape on which parties locally adapt platforms. Varying the distribution of...

This paper introduces specialized elections. A specialized election randomly assigns each voter to one election, freeing her of voting responsibilities in other elections. By reducing voters' responsibilities, specialized elections encourage more information acquisition. Specialized elections...

The book provides the first comprehensive, and accessible account of complex adaptive social systems, by two of the field's leading authorities. Such systems - whether political partiers, stock markets, or ant colonies - present some of the most intrifuing theoretical and practical challenges...