This article describes a tabu search heuristic for the dial-a-ride problem with the following characteristics. Users specify transportation requests between origins and destinations. They may provide a time window on their desired departure or arrival time. Transportation is supplied by a fleet...

The distribution of products using compartmentalized vehicles involves many decisions such as the allocation of products to vehicle compartments, vehicle routing and inventory control. These decisions often span several periods, yielding a difficult optimization problem. In this paper we define...

Distribution systems planning frequently involves two major decisions: facility location and vehicle routing. The facilities to be located may be “primary facilities”, e.g. factories, but more often, these are lighter “secondary facilities” such as depots, warehouses or distribution...