Mounting evidence from the literature points to the existence of covariance asymmetry for financial assets. That is, conditional volatility and correlation of financial returns tend to rise more after negative return shocks than after positive ones of the same size. This paper extends the...

We tests two important implications for Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) market efficiency from the adaptive markets hypothesis (Lo, 2004): first, market efficiency is not an all-or-none condition but is a characteristic that varies continuously over time; second, market efficiency is...

In 1957 Chicago enacted a Comprehensive Amendment to the Chicago Zoning Ordiance of 1923. In contrast to the hierarchical zoning of the 1923 ordinance, the 1957 ordinance made each zoning category exclusive and mandated the removal of non-conforming uses. This study examines land parcels at the...

This paper studies the issue of modeling conditional covariance for a mixed-asset portfolio consisting of stock, bond, and REITs. We examine the performances of six commonly used covariance estimators. We find that no single estimator delivers the best performance when a wide range of...

This paper extends the REIT literature on international market linkages by introducing a time scale dimension. In particular, we apply the maximum overlap discrete wavelet transform (MODWT) to seven major global REIT markets, and investigate their linkages among returns and volatilities at...

Our study investigates the market-wide herding behavior in the U.S. equity REIT market. Utilizing the quantile regression method, we find that herding is more likely to be present in the high quantiles of the REIT return dispersion. This implies that REIT investors tend to herd under turbulent...

Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), traditionally known as an asset of low volatility, have been undergoing a period of unprecedentedly high volatility due to the current financial crisis. This has increased the need to search for appropriate methods to cope with extreme risks. This study...

There has accumulated strong evidence in the literature that market beta (β) is time varying. This paper contributes to the literature by studying how to best model the time varying beta for REITs. We include several commonly used methods and evaluate their performances in terms of in-sample...