Few studies in developing countries have examined innovation in an emerging field such as regenerative medicine (RM). Here, we compare case studies of the RM sectors in Brazil, China and India to help understand RM innovation from a systemic perspective. Innovation in developing countries is...

Strategic alliances are of critical importance to firms working in the health biotechnology2 field. Collaborations can provide firms with significant competitive advantages, shape their economic performance and help minimize risks in development activities (Hagedoorn, 1993). Alliances in the...

Biotechnology is typically associated with the centres of learning and firms in industrialised countries but usually not with institutions in developing countries. Developing nations are however, becoming active in this field and are increasingly using recombinant methods to produce new and...

This paper explores challenges and difficulties faced by small countries in developing their public research systems (PRS). It compares Hungary (population around 10 million), Iceland (population around 300,000) and Ireland (population around 3.5 million) to identify national approaches to...