Quantifying net primary productivity (NPP) is very important for understanding the global carbon cycle and assessing ecosystem carbon dynamics. But there are still uncertainties in the estimation of NPP. Using the winter wheat data from the experimental station in 2019, this study evaluated the...

The evolution of road expansion and traffic growth (motor vehicle) of urban system is a quite complex process. To investigate the interaction between them, a coevolution dynamics model is proposed in this paper to capture the relationships among traveler, vehicle and road. Then stability...

The increasing demand for high energy density fuels and the concern for their safety have propelled research in the field of gelled propellants, where understanding the combustion of single gelled fuel droplets is the first stage to predict the spray combustion characteristics. The experiments...

The discrete network design problem deals with the selection of link additions to an existing road network, with given demand from each origin to each destination. The objective is to make an optimal investment decision in order to minimize the total travel cost in the network, while accounting...

Passengers may make several transfers between different lines to reach their destinations in urban railway transit networks. Coordination of last trains in feeding lines and connecting lines at transfer stations is especially important because it is the last chance for many travellers to...

This paper presents a new framework for studying irreversible (dis)investment when a market follows a random number of random-length cycles (such as a high-tech product market). It is assumed that a firm facing such market evolution is always unsure about whether the current cycle is the last...

Mechanisms according to which private intermediaries or governments charge transaction fees or indirect taxes are prevalent in practice. We consider a setup with multiple buyers and sellers and two-sided independent private information about valuations. We show that any weighted average of...