The present study investigates the determination of the aggregate supply of and demand for saw logs and pulpwood in Finland using annual data from 1965 to 1985. Raw material is purchased in competitive markets from private nonindustrial forest owners. The equilibrium assumptions seem to work...

Increasing scarcity of oil reserves and the high CO2 emissions from using oil have contributed to the development of renewable biofuels. Pulp and paper mill integrated forest biorefineries offer one important means to increase biofuel production. This study analyzes the effects of policies to...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze and provide a synthesis of how services are understood, how they are likely to develop and how future development can be studied more closely in the forest-based sector (FBS). Services are likely to have an increasing role in the FBS in the...