We investigate how criminal organizations strategically use violence to influence elections in order to get captured … politicians elected. The model offers novel testable implications about the use of pre-electoral violence under different types of … rates in Italy since 1887, comparing the extent of 'electoral-violence cycles' between areas with a higher and lower …

such as crime. If treatment influences survey responses, it biases experimental estimates. We develop a validation …, therapy, both, or neither. According to survey responses, receiving both treatments dramatically reduced crime and other … impacts of cash and therapy on crime may be larger than suggested by surveys alone …

We investigate how criminal organizations strategically use violence to influence elections in order to get captured … politicians elected. The model offers novel testable implications about the use of pre-electoral violence under different types of … rates in Italy since 1887, comparing the extent of ‘electoral-violence cycles' between areas with a higher and lower …

such as crime. If treatment influences survey responses, it biases experimental estimates. We develop a validation …, therapy, both, or neither. According to survey responses, receiving both treatments dramatically reduced crime and other … impacts of cash and therapy on crime may be larger than suggested by surveys alone …

Organized crime reinforces its corrupting influence on politics through violent intimidation. Anti-crime measures that … increase the cost of corruption but not of the exercise of violence might accordingly lead mafia-style organizations to … retaliate by resorting to violence in lieu of bribery. On the other hand, anti-corruption measures might also induce criminal …

retaliate by resorting to violence in lieu of bribery. On the other hand, this kind of anti-crime measure might also induce …Organised crime tightens its corrupting influence on politics through violent intimidation. Anti-crime measures that … increase the cost of corruption but not of the exercise of violence might accordingly lead mafia-style organizations to …