1. Introduction -- 2. The Typology of Shadow Banking -- 3. Financial Intermediation: A Further Analysis -- 4. Securities Lending and Repos -- 5. Central Counterparties and Systemic Risk -- 6. Identifying Non-bank, Non-insurer Global Systemically Important Financial Institutions -- 7.The Policy...

Introduction -- "Too Clubby to Fail": Wall Street Banks Win, Thrifts and Community Banks Lose -- Increased Risk Taking Due to Deregulation -- Deregulation, Politics, and Criminal Prosecutions -- The Four Major Waves of Change in the 1990s That -- Laid the Groundwork for the 2008 Financial Crisis...

In this paper we study the determinants of use of formal and informal credit sources. Given that awareness is a necessary step towards use of credit, in order to control for the possible selection bias we decompose the decision to use credit as a two stage decision process in which first,...